四級英語 | 輕松做閱讀

　　閱讀理解技巧get——動名詞翻譯練習

　　動名詞

　　1. _______________(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good.

　　2. They tried to avoid _______________(讓女兒做她不喜歡的事情).

　　3. Developing varieties is the key to _______________(使我們的產品進入國際市場).

　　4. It is no use _______________(為灑了的牛奶而哭泣).

　　5. He denied_______________(偷看了同桌的試卷).

　　6. We congratulated her on _______________(被提升為經理).

　　1. Taking a cold bath every day(考點：動名詞作主語)

　　2. making their daughter do what she didn’t like to do (考點：動名詞作動詞的賓語)

　　(下列動詞后的賓語只能是動名詞而不能是不定式：admit, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, dread, encourage, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, can’t help, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, propose, recall, recollect, resent, resist, risk, can’t stand, stop, suggest)

　　3. getting our goods into the international market (考點：動名詞作介詞的賓語)

　　4. crying over spilled milk (考點：動名詞用于固定結構。動名詞經常與以下詞組連用：be worth, have difficulty (in), it be no good/use/worthwhile, there be no need/no point in, how/what about, what’s the point of, what’s the use of)

　　5. having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper (考點：動名詞的完成式)

　　6.being promoted to manager (考點：動名詞的被動式)

　　邏輯是我們英語四級閱讀中的耳機解題幫手，童鞋們一定要尤為關注。

　　1. 因果關系

　　因：because、because of、for、as、since、in that、on account of、with

　　果：so、so that、therefore、thereby、as a result、hence、thus、consequently、accordingly

　　隱性因果：

　　A 導致(因-果)：cause、reason、lead to、give rise to、result in、render、make、let、ask、push、stimulate、fuel、produce.

　　如：The increased presures of expanding population have lead to the removal of woody plants so that many cities and tow are surrounded by large areas completely lacking in trees.

　　在這段話中，有lead to表示了導致的意思，即結果，而so that更進一步表示了后面的結果，所以可以充分判定這段話有因果關系的邏輯。

　　B 由…而來(果-因)：result from、derive from、originate from、initiate from、stem from、be attributable to.

　　如：“The extreme serioue of desertification results from the vast areas of land and tremendous numbers of people affected，as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the proce.”

　　在這段話中，根據result from可以推斷出有因果關系，那如果是解釋句子題時，選項中有因果關系就可以優先考慮。

　　C 反映，體現(果-因)：reflect、present、demonstrate、suggest、imply.

　　D 考慮到：given、considering、in view of、thanks to、according to.

　　He succeeded thanks to(in view of) his effort.

　　E 依賴于：rely on、depend on、resort to.

　　He resorted to books when he had problems.

　　F 條件關系：when、once、as soon as、As long as.

　　G 分詞短語，不定式做狀語：Failing in the final exam, she cried.

　　2. 對比轉折關系

　　A 對比：while、whereas、on the other hand

　　While、whereas 前后連接的是平行結構，on the other hand前必定有on one hand，可以用來把握句間關系。

　　B 轉折：but、although、nevertheless、however

　　3. 比較關系

　　A 同級比較：the same to

　　B 比較級：more than、-er than

　　C 變化：change、alter、vary、modify、revise、increase、decrease、enhance、diminish、 develop、progress、advance、improve、retreat、degenerate、continue、remain

　　D 差異：different、distinguish、separate、same、similar、comparable、compare to

　　E 超越：surpass、exceed、excel、over

　　F *高級，本身有*高級含義：maximum、minimum、peak、outstanding

　　G 本身程度比較深：amazing、surprising、astonishing、prohibitively

　　H 否定+比較=*高級：No one is more outstanding than him.

　　4. 否定關系

　　顯性否定：no、not、never、nor、none neither

　　耳機否定：fail to、refuse、remove、mi、reject、aence of、lack of

　　否定前綴：a-、ab-、dis-、il-、im-、in-、non-、un-

　　雙重否定：not fail to、not illegal、not uncommon、not unavailable

　　準備英語四級的同學在平時的閱讀練習中不妨多多留意句子中的邏輯關系，將以上的歸納知識運用到做題中去，對于理解文章大意將很有幫助。